This study investigates the effects of internal and external equity on the organizational effectiveness in gainsharing companies. Internal equity influenced pay satisfaction and external equity had significant effects on organizational commitment, intention to leave, job satisfaction, and pay satisfaction. Procedural justice did not have any significant effect on the organizational effectiveness. The effects of external equity on organizational commitment, however, was moderated by procedural justice. More specifically, the lower the level of procedural justice was, the stronger effect of external equity had on organizational commitment. One of the practical implications of the current study is that companies need to pay attention to external equity when they determine the level of pay.

Nearly all businesses start out as family-owned business, the most common form of business organization in the world. Recently foreign studies in US and Europe reported that family-owned businesses contribute wealth generation, GDP and workforce. Despite the vital role that family-owned businesses play in the economy, little are known about financial performance of family-owned businesses. So We investigate the relation between KOSDAQ family-owned business and financial performance from 1997 to 2002. The major findings of the study are as following.
First, family-owned businesses in KOSDAQ account for 64.18% that this weight is higher than non-family-owned business, and venture businesses in family-owned business occupy about 26.72% that this weight is higher than that of non-family-owned business. Second, the profitability of family-owned business is higher than that of non-family-owned business as for net income to total assets and operation income to total assets. In productivity of family-owned business is higher than non-family-owned business in productivity of labor, but lower than in gross value added to total assets. In job capacity of family-owned business is higher than non-family-owned business in the capacity of job absorption, but non significant in the capacity of creative new job. Third, family-owned businesses are higher than non-family-owned business regarding sales to R&D ratio, family ownership, firm size, firm age. But family-owned businesses are lower than non-family-owned business about debt ratio. firm size, family ownership, firm age. Fourth, there was significant relationship between family-owned businesses and profitability as well as relation between family-owned businesses and productivity. Specially, family-owned businesses give an explanation of operation income to total assets, gross value added to total assets, the capacity of creative new job during IMF financial crisis.
This paper has limitation of the classification method of Korean family-owned businesses, the scope of this study. But We hope that this paper will motivate further research and improvement in the concepts, measurements, and view relative to Korean family-owned businesses.

This paper presents an analysis of how the Information Literacy (IL) influences on the digital divide variables in terms of six Online Activities (OAs) : Internet use hours, Web site visit, online transaction, online community participation, online collection of learning materials and satisfaction on the online service. To measure the IL score, 12 items from the Eisenberg & Berkowitz’s Big Six Model are ed (presented at the Web site http://www.ischool.washington.edu/mbe).
Most of the items are measured by using Likert-type five point scale. A sample of 406 managers of very small business (VSB) category who have visited sixty Korean Small Business Development Centers is collected and the data is analyzed by the SPSSWIN 13.0 version. Although VSB managers are provided with programs by government, universities and consultants, they have difficulties in accessing to supporting network and also show a low level of OAs. Factor Analysis shows that there are two significant factors : DSA (Definition-Seeking-Access) and USE (Use-Synthesis-Evaluation). In regression analysis for each OA item, the factor scores are used. Two factors, DSA and USE are influencing positively all six OAs.

Small and medium companies informatization has been greatly enhanced by the supports from government and big companies. However, a recent survey reveals that the informatization level of small and medium companies stays at lower than 70% of that of big companies. This paper presents an ERP operations control framework (EOCF) for the small and medium companies which must proactively react to the changes in the global manufacturing environment requiring informatization, operations performance evaluation, and internal control. EOCF is constructed through case studies on 5 small and medium sized companies with risk areas such as transaction processing, process intrinsic, and data quality. Consisting of three balanced risk cards, EOCF provides real-time business process evaluation mechanism that complements the recent performance evaluation mechanism such as the balanced score card and contributes the operation levels of ERP/SCM while digitizing the internal control.

Numerous Countries promote business incubator programs to revitalize local economy, increase employment, and nurture high-tech industries. Recently, a number of post-business incubators have been established and operated with aims to adapt to changing environment and increase economic competitiveness in Korea.
This study based on the critical service factors in BI, and identifies impact factors of start firms over the stages of growth. This effort is beneficial to understand of efficient of BI’s services and suggest basis of establishment of Post-BI and it’s operation.
Empirical data was collected from 179 firms of BI in Busan. It used the questionnaire method for the CEO, It is uted the ANOVA and Regression analysis to test hypotheses of influencing effects.
Results of empirical study are as follow:
1. The stage of growth is different from each firms in BI. Therefore the services of BI are different to each firms too.
2. The satisfaction of BI’s service is some high-degree all stage of growth. But The support of hardware is partly insufficiency that is the additional Space, the public use room and equipment etc.
3.The prerequisite support is human resources in start stage. In the commercial stage the prerequisite support are the additional Space, equipment and financing support. The expansion stage’s prerequisite support are the additional Space and equipment.
4. The majority of sample firms (92.7%) needs post business incubator. That result indicate the need of reform operation of BI systems.
In conclusion, the satisfaction of BI’s supports is significant differences by growth-stage of firms. So it is necessity that Post-BI is established rapidly. and Post-BI have flexible Space, Equipment and Link program for marketing, a variety of networks for information.

This nation's traditional markets are losing their competitive power, due to factors such as the expansion of the opening of circulation market. This study attempted to analyze the service quality and consumer’s satisfaction of the traditional markets, which, in the midst of the fast-changing circulation industry, maintain to hold a large place in regional economy. Furthermore, the study attempted to deduce the causes dealing with the related changes. Seeing that it is appropriate to design a measurement of service quality based on the characteristics of the traditional markets researched, this study developed and demonstrated a rather concrete and detailed set of evaluative criteria that enables the service quality assessment of traditional markets based on the opinions of its customers. The resulting, extracted, set of evaluative criteria consists of 3 causes and 18 items. The causes designated are convenience of use, market specialty, and merchant reliability. As a result of regression analysis performed to inspect the relationships among the factors affecting overall consumer’s satisfaction and service quality, the listed three causes appeared to influence customer’s satisfaction. Furthermore, the degree of influence was shown to be in the order of specialty, reliability, and then convenience.

The Purpose of the current study is (1)to identify and integrate three types of network benefits: access to information acquisition, access to tangible resources, and cooperative support from network members, (2)to examine the relationship between network characteristics and network benefits. we classify network characteristics as structural characteristic such as density, centrality and relational characteristic such as trust and relational norm, and then identify the role of those constructs as antecedents. Based on related literature review such as social capital theory, resource-based view, the conceptual model is proposed.
In order to develop and test a model, we was empirically to examine how network characteristics can reinforce network benefits using 123 firms. Through multiple regression analysis, we found that network characteristics influence network benefits as expected except the relationship between centrality and access to information acquisition, access to tangible resources, Finally, We discuss several theoretical and practical implications, and suggest the limitations of this study and future research directions